Book reviews

A Reader’s Paradise: Review of Diana Abu-Jaber’s “Birds of Paradise”

Wednesday, November 2nd, 2011

Birds of Paradise: A NovelBirds of Paradise: A Novel by Diana Abu-Jaber

This is one of the most absorbing novels I’ve read all year; as in, it made a flight pass quickly, and then later, at home, drew me back to my big comfy office chair for another chapter when I really should have been working.

The story is straightforward. In the days leading up to Hurricane Katrina’s landfall in Miami, Avis, an artisan baker, is forced to confront her role in her daughter’s disappearance almost four years ago. The novel’s POVs rotate between Avis, her attorney husband, and her daughter, who’s living on the Miami streets.

With such strong echoes of Carol Shields’s Unless (both hinge on a daughter who runs away from a good home in response to a secret tragedy), I worried that no book could upstage Shields’s masterpiece. But it manages to settle into its own space, marrying plot and transcendent writing that expands rather than competes with the theme of fraught relationships between successful mothers and daughters maturing into womanhood.

What I find so fascinating–and so authentic–about Diana Abu-Jaber’s writing is her ability to bury the story tension almost out of sight beneath her trademark lyrical prose. The result is tension that runs beneath everything, illuminating even the solitary kitchen scenes like a grid of electric wires. I’ve read all of her novels, and each one takes her writing down further from its airy, almost magical realist beginnings (think the climactic scene of Arabian Jazz) to the earthy, almost static pace of real life. Yet each somehow serves to tell an even more compelling story, made more powerful by the confident but subtle connections between characters and their big-picture social responsibilities–everything from labor conditions in the Haitian sugarcane industry to urban gentrification and real estate speculation. It reminds me of what worked so well in Jennifer Egan’s Look at Me, another of my favorite reads this year.

As a reader, I can’t wait for the next novel. As a writer, all I can say is–her students are a lucky bunch.

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Who’s Controlling YOUR Internet?: A Review of the Book You Don’t Know You Need to Read

Friday, October 28th, 2011

Who Controls the Internet?: Illusions of a Borderless WorldWho Controls the Internet?: Illusions of a Borderless World by Jack L. Goldsmith

My rating: 4 of 5 stars

Written accessibly by a Harvard law professor and one from Columbia, this is the kind of “new history” that should probably, soon, become an essential part of our standard education about the world. It explains how the Internet came to be, why it failed as a truly borderless space, and how and why meatspace issues such as censorship, commerce, politics, and even warfare have begun to duplicate themselves in cyberspace.

Although published in 2006, this book is worth talking about now for two reasons. First, it’s interesting. I have been studying power and coercion for a while, and these ought to be issues relegated to the physical world, a.k.a., meatspace. The body is the ultimate place of enforcement. Without the threat of pain or imprisonment, there is no ultimate consequence to lend force to a demand. The Internet’s early popularity in the late 80s and early 90s was due in part to the recognition that cyberspace was different: there was no such thing as a painful consequence. When people organized themselves there, they did it anarchically, and the system worked because no one could aggregate disproportionate force.

Which brings me to the second reason why the book is important. The Internet’s history ought to be taught in classrooms: It has founders, inventors, competing systems of governance, and international drama. For instance, the Internet’s early anarchic structure failed when the U.S. government reasserted its rights to the root servers (citing that the Internet’s invention in the 60s was funded by a DARPA contract). The reason was money. Capitalism. Now is an opportune time to mention that I believe that history, as a course of study, exists to give us perspective on why we do what we do, and why our environment looks the way it does; as opposed to just acting on guesswork, assumption, and blind tradition. And given this premise, I will also voice a supposition that if this particular history is excluded from public school curricula, the cause is not mere oversight. As long as the Internet is a cornerstone of U.S. commerce, its historical, anarchic roots are a threat to the cultural assumption that unregulated capitalism is the only route to freedom.

As Dave Clark, one of the Internet’s founding minds, says: “We reject: kings, presidents, and voting. We believe in: rough consensus and running code.” And for over thirty years, this was the Internet’s credo. Without ideal anarchy, the Internet would not exist as it does today.

If you’re reading this review, I’m guessing you spend a fair chunk of time on the Internet. As long as the Internet is a tool that consumes a great deal of our lives, influences our understanding of the world, and can fail or be forcibly removed from our lives, it is worth understanding–therein lies the ability to judge fair and worthy use from trivial, stupid, or malicious use.

Note: I may change my rating to five stars after finishing the book, but I have not yet finished digesting the authors’ premise that the nation-state is in fact essential to the Internet’s stability. From a pragmatic standpoint (which is perhaps the only relevant one), they are likely correct. But my bias is toward idealism, and I would yet like to find some possibility for a stable, long-term form of Dave Clark’s manifesto on cyberspace.

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Absolut God: A review of Capek’s timeless satire

Wednesday, October 19th, 2011

The Absolute at Large (Frontiers of Imagination)The Absolute at Large by Karel Čapek

My rating: 4 of 5 stars

The Absolute at Large is a deft, straightforward, drily laugh-out-loud satire on spiritualism. When a frazzled inventor accidentally invents a nuclear power engine that offgasses God, a.k.a., the Absolute, he begs his old friend and industry baron to buy the machine and get it off his hands. As its curious byproduct converts factory workers, board members, bankers, and innocent bystanders to rapturous spirituality, neither capitalism or Marxism can withstand its effects on society–and the Catholic Church is the first to admit that God has no place in human religion.

The book is full of wry one-liners and absurd humor, such as the Church’s belabored decision to baptize God into its ranks, and a dean’s indignant belief that a scholar of religion has no place believing in God. Sarcasm is surprisingly ageless; written in the twenties, the novel and its humor keep quite well, and remind me sometimes of P. G. Wodehouse’s prolific Jeeves series.

But it’s not a novel to read either for its subtlety, for its beauty, or its generosity toward humanity. Enjoy Capek for his wit and spare writing style, and his ability to lay out a concise satire despite an enormous number of characters. If you read it, read it quickly, don’t expect to get attached to the characters, and do expect its value as a novel to lie almost completely in its humor. As such, it’s a great example of social science fiction–it asks a straightforward, “What if?” and follows it through to its logical consequences.

I would have given it three stars had I not finished it in two short days. And because I’m now reading Diana Abu-Jaber’s Birds of Paradise, I can’t resist a food comparison: as fiction, it’s a savory snack, but nowhere near a full meal.

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A Heretical Complaint: Reading a Loveless Gabriel Garcia Marquez Novel

Friday, October 7th, 2011

Love in the Time of CholeraLove in the Time of Cholera by Gabriel García Márquez

My rating: 3 of 5 stars

I spent two weeks of my reading life. That’s how long it took to get through Love in the Time of Cholera. I read first with a kind of tingly enthusiasm, reunited with the work of one of my favorite authors. Then with a growing sense of duty. Then with fear that the novel’s sprawling backstory was really going to account for all six hundred and twenty-two (give or take) of Florentino Ariza’s lovers as he grew to old age, waiting for Fermina Daza to become a widow.

Perhaps it is unfair of me to expect brilliance from all of Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s novels, but 270 pages in to this one, I finally succumbed to the temptation to scan. I slowed for the final fifteen pages, which reinforced my view of Florentino Ariza as a tepid protagonist. He made me think of leeches, parasites, little rodents living in the wall.

For a novel ostensibly about love, the only reciprocal love I believe is that of Jeremiah de Saint-Amour and his Haitian lover. All else feels stained by conditions, regret, empty lust, and equally empty longing. These are the faces of other loves, yes, but they lose even this credibility by Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s final failure to make us feel that the love that settles between Florentino and Fermina is truly “the heart of love.” This comes after 350 pages of uninterrupted narration and our loss of respect for Florentino–given his pedophilic dalliance and his hand in the deaths of both his child-lover and the river over which he had responsibility. Maybe it’s fitting is that the book’s final image is of a plague boat doomed to sail up and down a dead river, carrying its dying lovers between pestilential cities.

One Hundred Years of Solitude left me longing to become a better writer, and Memories of My Melancholy Whores impressed me with its uncharacteristic brevity and tricky, magical ordinariness. Although Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s wisdom and insight make so much of Love in the Time of Cholera awe-inspiring to a fellow writer, after I set it down with a final thump on my coffee table, I couldn’t help thinking of Twitter’s irreverent #lessambitiousbooks game: Old Pervert’s Crush in the Time of Cholera.

Or maybe you can think of a better re-title?

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A Nurse Ratched Apologia: Reading Ken Kesey Fifty Years Later

Thursday, September 15th, 2011

One Flew Over the Cuckoo's NestOne Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey

My rating: 3 of 5 stars

Well-crafted, straightforward, and rendered beautifully, the novel is a public monument to the barefaced sexism of yore. As in most of the novels I enjoy reading, power matters. And as a novel about the friction between authority (Nurse Ratched) and freedom (McMurphy), it holds up almost fifty years after its first publication; it would had survived better, though, if it made less of the “emasculating woman” stereotype. In the tense final pages, when I most wanted to surrender to the story, the novel’s sensibility wouldn’t let me forget its insistent theme: “This is the outrage, the injustice, that results when a woman who can’t get laid has too much power.”

Ugh. For sensibility, I’d give the novel one and a half stars. But as Azar Nafisi reminds us in the Henry James portion of Reading Lolita in Tehran, to judge a book solely on the basis of your own values diminishes the art of writing. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest is a damn good novel, and its carelessness toward the women’s and civil rights movements of its day shouldn’t be confused with a dead heart. As a Pacific Northwest writer, Kesey was sensitive to the plight of Native Americans, and the gentleness and magic with which he wrote Bromden’s POV made this more than just a well-plotted story.

So, finally–I read the famous book. As a writer, I learned more about not getting carried away with the beauty of language, and how to keep it under control. From a cultural perspective, I’d say it’s valuable to look at the art that enters popular culture with your own eyes; for years, I knew what people meant when they called someone a “Nurse Ratched.” Yet now, I wonder about her. Her character was awful, but what made her that way? The Combine? The culture? Her story never had a chance to be told before she entered the American lexicon as a synonym for medical violence. I even have a little underdog-inspired curiosity about her, no thanks to her creator.

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